Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV)

Risk factors

• Female gender
  * Odds ratio ~ 3.6
• Non-smoker
  * Odds ratio ~ 2
• Past history of PONV or motion sickness
  * Odds ratio ~ 2
• Use of opiates
  * Odds ratio ~ 2

Simple risk evaluation

Risk factors	PONV in Major surgery	PONV in Minor surgery
0	10%	5%
1	20%	10%
2	40%	20%
3	60%	????40%
4	80%	????60%